Who Cited It

Hateful Symbols or Hateful People? Predictive Features for Hate Speech Detection on Twitter

2016 · 1,675 citations · 2 from inside this corpus

Zeerak Waseem low, Dirk Hovy

Hate speech in the form of racist and sexist remarks are a common occurrence on social media. For that reason, many social media services address the problem of identifying hate speech, but the definition of hate speech varies markedly and is largely a manual effort. We provide a list of criteria founded in critical race theory, and use them to annotate a publicly available corpus of more than 16k tweets. We analyze the impact of various extra-linguistic features in conjunction with character n-grams for hate-speech detection. We also present a dictionary based the most indicative words in our data.

2 of 2 neighbouring works in this corpus. Blue is what this paper cites; orange is what cites it, and a dashed line is one neighbour citing another. Only the largest labels are drawn — every node carries its full title on hover.
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What cites it, inside the corpus

Topics

Hate Speech and Cyberbullying DetectionComputer Science
Freedom of Expression and DefamationSocial Sciences
Social Media and PoliticsSocial Sciences

Is this record sound?

partial

One field of this record is missing or disagrees with another. What is shown below is what the source publishes.

  • supports2 author record(s) attached.
  • supports10 reference(s) recorded.
  • weakensThe DOI names 2013 but the record dates this to 2,016. One of the two is about a different paper.
  • supportsA title is present.

Provenance

Everything above was read from one stored OpenAlex payload, fetched 2026-09-04T03:58:56+00:00.

sha256 7bc26169e93749d1…